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The evolutionarily stable strategy under individual condition and tactic frequency

J Repka¹, M R Gross

¹Department of Mathematics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Theoretical Biology

|September 7, 1995

Summary

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A unique evolutionary stable strategy (ESS) switchpoint determines when individuals change tactics based on their condition and tactic frequency. At this switchpoint, individual tactic fitnesses equalize, but population-averaged tactic fitnesses do not.

Area of Science:

Evolutionary biology
Game theory
Behavioral ecology

Background:

Alternative tactics within a population can influence individual fitness.
Tactic fitness may depend on both frequency and individual phenotypic condition.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate a unique evolutionary stable strategy (ESS) switchpoint.
To determine how this switchpoint influences tactic switching and frequency.
To analyze the relationship between individual and population-averaged tactic fitness.

Main Methods:

Mathematical modeling
Game theory analysis
Proof of ESS conditions

Main Results:

A unique ESS switchpoint (s*) exists when tactic fitnesses depend on frequency and condition.

Related Experiment Videos

This switchpoint dictates the condition for tactic switching and resulting tactic frequencies.

Individual fitnesses are equal at the ESS switchpoint (s*).

Population-averaged fitnesses of alternative tactics are unequal at s*.

Conclusions:

The ESS switchpoint provides a unified framework for understanding tactic dynamics.
Frequency and condition-dependent fitness create distinct individual and population-level outcomes.
This model clarifies the conditions under which alternative tactics persist in a population.