Prediction of the structure of GroES and its interaction with GroEL

The three-dimensional structure of the GroES monomer and its interaction with GroEL has been predicted using a combination of prediction tools and experimental data obtained by biophysical [electron microscope (EM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)] and biochemical techniques. The GroES monomer, according to the prediction, is composed of eight beta-strands forming a beta-barrel with loose ends. In the model, beta-strands 5-8 run along the outer surface of GroES, forming an antiparallel beta-sheet with beta 4 loosely bound to one of the edges. beta-strands 1-3 would then be parallel and placed in the interior of the molecule. Loops 1-3 would face the internal cavity of the GroEL-GroES complex, and together with conserved residues in loops 5 and 7, would form the active surface interacting with GroEL.