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Related Experiment Videos

Extradural haematomas in children

R Pillay1, J C Peter

  • 1Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital.

South African Medical Journal = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Geneeskunde
|July 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Intracranial pressure and cerebral oxygenation changes after decompressive craniectomy in children with severe traumatic brain injury.

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement·2009

Traumatic extradural brain hemorrhages in children often present atypically. Prompt neurosurgical intervention leads to excellent outcomes in most pediatric cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurosurgery
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Pediatric Neurology

Background:

  • Traumatic intracranial extradural haemorrhage (EDH) is a significant concern in pediatric head injuries.
  • Understanding the unique presentation and outcomes in children is crucial for timely management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causes, clinical features, radiological findings, and surgical outcomes of traumatic EDH in children under 12 years old.
  • To compare pediatric EDH presentation with adult patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 44 children surgically treated for EDH between 1979 and 1994.
  • Analysis of neurosurgical referrals, clinical presentations, neurological examinations, radiological (radiographs and CT scans), and post-surgical outcomes.

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Main Results:

  • Falls were the most common cause (21 cases), followed by motor vehicle accidents (12 cases).
  • Atypical presentations were common, with persistent drowsiness (19 patients) and headache/vomiting (17 patients) being frequent. Initial loss of consciousness was less common.
  • Parieto-occipital (24 cases) and posterior fossa (11 cases) were the most common locations. 36 out of 44 children had excellent post-surgical outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric traumatic intracranial extradural haemorrhage often presents atypically compared to adults, with classic lucid intervals being rare.
  • Early neurosurgical intervention is associated with favorable outcomes in the majority of pediatric patients with EDH.