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Adult age differences in reflection-impulsivity

A C Coyne, S K Whitbourne, D S Glenwick

    Journal of Gerontology
    |May 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Elderly adults exhibited more impulsive decision-making, showing shorter response times and more errors compared to younger adults on the Matching Familiar Figures Test (MFF). These age-related differences in reflection-impulsivity varied across stimulus conditions.

    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Developmental Psychology
    • Gerontology

    Background:

    • Reflection-impulsivity is a key aspect of cognitive style influencing decision-making.
    • Understanding age-related changes in cognitive processes is crucial for gerontology.
    • The Matching Familiar Figures Test (MFF) is a standard tool for assessing reflection-impulsivity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate age differences in reflection-impulsivity between elderly and young adults.
    • To examine how stimulus conditions affect decision-making in different age groups.

    Main Methods:

    • A modified version of Kagan's adult Matching Familiar Figures Test (MFF) was administered to 20 elderly (mean age 70.6) and 20 young adults (mean age 21.9).
    • Two stimulus conditions were used: 'original present' and 'original not present'.

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  • Measures included response latency and number of errors.

    • Main Results:

    • Elderly adults were generally more impulsive than young adults, with shorter latencies and more errors.
    • Elderly adults responded faster only in the 'original present' condition.
    • Both groups made fewer errors in the 'original present' condition, with older adults consistently making more errors overall.

    Conclusions:

    • Age-related increases in impulsivity are evident in decision-making tasks.
    • Stimulus conditions can modulate age differences in cognitive style.
    • Further research should explore search strategies, anxiety, and decision styles in older adults.