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Circadian blood pressure variation versus renal function

S J Rosansky1, S J Menachery, C M Wagner

  • 1Medical Service (111), Dorn VA Hospital, Columbia, SC 29209-1639, USA.

American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation
|November 1, 1995
PubMed
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Renal function level does not impact daily blood pressure changes in hypertensive patients. However, race significantly influences blood pressure variation, with Black individuals showing distinct nocturnal patterns.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • Abnormal circadian blood pressure profiles are reported in chronic renal failure.
  • Factors like age, diabetes, autonomic dysfunction, and race can influence these profiles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between renal function and circadian blood pressure variation.
  • To compare day/night blood pressure changes across different levels of renal function.

Main Methods:

  • Compared circadian blood pressure changes in hypertensive male veterans with varying creatinine clearance (CC) levels.
  • Assessed autonomic function via postural changes in catecholamines, renin, and aldosterone.
  • Utilized regression analysis to identify predictors of blood pressure variation.

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Main Results:

  • No significant differences in day/night blood pressure or heart rate changes were observed across renal function groups.
  • Race was the only significant predictor of the day/night mean arterial pressure (MAP) change.
  • Black subjects exhibited higher nocturnal heart rates, smaller heart rate variability, and higher diastolic blood pressure compared to white subjects.

Conclusions:

  • Renal function does not appear to influence day/night blood pressure changes.
  • Abnormal circadian blood pressure patterns in chronic renal failure may be linked to cofactors such as race and atherosclerosis.