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Related Experiment Videos

Psychiatric illnesses in patients with syncope

W N Kapoor1, M Fortunato, B H Hanusa

  • 1Department of Medicine, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

The American Journal of Medicine
|November 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Twenty percent of syncope patients have psychiatric disorders, linked to recurrent events and symptoms. Screening is recommended, particularly for those with multiple symptoms or younger males.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Syncope is a common clinical problem with various underlying causes.
  • Psychiatric disorders can present with physical symptoms, potentially mimicking or exacerbating syncope.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in syncope patients.
  • To explore the relationship between psychiatric disorders and syncope characteristics.
  • To assess the outcome of syncope in patients with psychiatric comorbidities.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study was conducted at a university-affiliated medical center.
  • 414 hospitalized and ambulatory syncope patients underwent standardized psychiatric evaluations using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS).

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  • Evaluations included assessments for somatization, panic, generalized anxiety, major depression, and substance use disorders.

    • Main Results:

    • 20% of syncope patients (82/414) met criteria for psychiatric or substance use disorders.
    • Patients with psychiatric disorders reported more frequent syncope events and prodromal symptoms.
    • The one-year syncope recurrence rate was significantly higher (35%) in patients with psychiatric diagnoses compared to those without (15%).
    • Physicians often overlooked single psychiatric disorders in syncope patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Psychiatric disorders are prevalent in syncope patients and associated with increased recurrence.
    • Screening for psychiatric disorders is recommended in unexplained syncope, especially in those with recurrent episodes, multiple symptoms, or younger males.
    • Improved recognition and treatment of psychiatric comorbidities in syncope patients are warranted.