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Related Experiment Videos

Total peripheral resistance changes in dogs during aversive classical conditioning

D E Anderson, J E Yingling

    The Pavlovian Journal of Biological Science
    |October 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Aversive conditioning in dogs caused significant cardiovascular changes, including increased arterial pressure and heart rate. This suggests sympathetic cholinergic effects on skeletal muscle blood vessels, impacting total peripheral resistance.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Autonomic Nervous System Research
    • Behavioral Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Aversive classical conditioning can elicit complex physiological responses.
    • Understanding the cardiovascular adjustments during stress is crucial for physiological research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the cardiovascular and behavioral responses to aversive classical conditioning in laboratory dogs.
    • To determine the role of skeletal muscle circulation in modulating total peripheral resistance during such aversive stimuli.

    Main Methods:

    • Continuous monitoring of arterial pressure, heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance in laboratory dogs.
    • Application of aversive classical conditioning procedures for a 30-minute period.

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  • Analysis of behavioral inhibition ('freezing') and associated cardiovascular parameters.

    • Main Results:

    • Aversive conditioning induced sustained increases in arterial pressure (avg. 30%) and heart rate/cardiac output (avg. 60-70%).
    • Total peripheral resistance decreased by an average of 20% during the conditioning period.
    • Behavioral and cardiovascular responses remained consistent throughout the aversive stimulation.

    Conclusions:

    • The study suggests significant peripheral vasodilation occurred, likely mediated by sympathetic cholinergic effects on skeletal muscle vasculature.
    • These findings highlight the critical role of skeletal muscle circulation in regulating total peripheral resistance in conscious animals.
    • The observed vasodilation is unlikely to be a byproduct of behavioral activity alone.