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Longitudinal head growth in developmentally normal preterm infants

R D Sheth1, M D Mullett, J B Bodensteiner

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, USA.

Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
|December 1, 1995
PubMed
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Infants born weighing over 1000g showed normal head growth. However, those born weighing 1000g or less had smaller head circumference measurements up to 18 months.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Growth and Development
  • Neonatal Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Low birth weight (LBW) is a significant predictor of infant health outcomes.
  • Understanding head circumference (HC) growth is crucial for assessing neurodevelopment in LBW infants.
  • Existing reference data may not fully capture the growth trajectory of extremely LBW infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate head circumference growth from birth to 18 months in normal infants with low birth weight (LBW).
  • To compare HC growth in LBW infants with established reference data.
  • To identify potential growth discrepancies in infants with very low birth weight (VLBW).

Main Methods:

  • Study included healthy, appropriate-for-gestational-age singleton infants with birth weight ≤ 2500g.

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  • Serial head circumference measurements were collected from birth to 18 months, corrected for gestational age.
  • Infant HC data were compared against reference data for term infants.

    • Main Results:

    • Infants with birth weight > 1000g exhibited HC measurements similar to reference data.
    • Infants with birth weight ≤ 1000g showed significantly smaller HC measurements compared to reference data (P < .001).
    • At 18 months, the mean HC difference for infants ≤ 1000g birth weight was 1.6 cm (P < .01).

    Conclusions:

    • Standard HC grids are suitable for monitoring growth in infants with birth weight > 1000g.
    • Normal infants with very low birth weight (≤ 1000g) do not achieve catch-up head growth compared to larger premature or term infants.
    • These findings highlight the need for specific growth monitoring considerations for VLBW infants.