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Related Experiment Videos

Spontaneous pericardial tamponade during PTCA

J G Howlett1, R J Teskey, B J O'Neill

  • 1Department of Medicine, Victoria General Hospital, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia.

The Canadian Journal of Cardiology
|November 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

This case report details acute hemorrhagic pericardial tamponade after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, likely caused solely by heparin. Treatment involved pericardial drainage and protamine sulfate.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Rheumatology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is a common procedure for coronary artery disease.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis can be associated with various systemic complications, including pericarditis.
  • Heparin is a widely used anticoagulant, but its use can lead to bleeding complications.

Observation:

  • A patient with rheumatoid arthritis developed acute hemorrhagic pericardial tamponade following a successful PTCA.
  • The patient received high doses of intravenous heparin, and had a high activated clotting time.
  • There was no evidence of coronary artery rupture, recent use of other anticoagulants, or thrombolytic agents.

Findings:

  • The tamponade was attributed solely to heparin administration, a rare complication.

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  • Emergency pericardial drainage and intravenous protamine sulfate were successful treatments.
  • Rheumatoid nodule hemorrhage was considered but ruled out by MRI.
  • Implications:

    • This case highlights a rare but serious complication of heparin therapy in patients undergoing PTCA.
    • Physicians should consider heparin-induced hemorrhagic pericardial tamponade in patients with unexplained tamponade post-PTCA.
    • This underscores the importance of careful monitoring of anticoagulation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis undergoing cardiac procedures.