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Related Experiment Videos

Gender differences in left ventricular growth

G de Simone1, R B Devereux, S R Daniels

  • 1Division of Cardiology, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York 10021, USA.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|December 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Greater left ventricular (LV) mass in adult men stems from puberty-driven growth, not early childhood differences. LV mass divergence occurs during adolescence, influenced by body size changes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Human Physiology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Left ventricular (LV) mass increases post-infancy via cellular hypertrophy.
  • Understanding sex differences in LV mass is crucial for cardiovascular health insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if greater LV mass in adult men is due to early sex differences or pubertal growth.
  • To analyze the developmental trajectory of LV mass in males and females.

Main Methods:

  • Echocardiographic LV mass was measured in 333 females and 278 males aged 4 months to 70 years.
  • Subjects were normal-weight and normotensive.
  • LV mass was analyzed across different age groups and indexed by body size metrics.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • A small sex difference (6%) in LV mass existed before age 12.
  • From puberty onwards, men showed 25-38% greater LV mass than women.
  • Divergence paralleled height and weight changes, with proportional LV chamber and wall thickening in males.
  • Indexing by body weight or height reduced sex differences in LV mass/body size ratios post-puberty.

Conclusions:

  • Pre-pubertal LV mass shows minimal sex difference.
  • The significant sex difference in LV mass emerges during puberty and adolescence.
  • Body size normalization (weight/height) highlights developmental changes rather than inherent sex differences from infancy.