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Rheumatoid factor, chronic arthritis and mortality

M Heliövaara1, K Aho, P Knekt

  • 1Social Insurance Institution, Helsinki, Finland.

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
|October 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Rheumatoid factor (RF) positive arthritis and elevated RF levels without arthritis both predict premature death. RF positive arthritis increases overall mortality risk, while high RF titres predict cardiovascular mortality.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Disease Research

Background:

  • Chronic arthritis is a prevalent condition associated with various health risks.
  • Rheumatoid factor (RF) is a biomarker often linked to autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis.
  • The predictive value of RF in the general population for mortality requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if chronic arthritis and rheumatoid factor (RF) predict premature mortality.
  • To differentiate the mortality risks associated with RF-positive arthritis versus RF-positive individuals without arthritis.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based cohort study of 8000 Finnish adults aged 30+ was established.
  • Arthritis diagnosis was based on clinical assessment, and serum RF was measured.

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  • Mortality data, including cardiovascular deaths, were tracked over a 12-14 year follow-up period.

    • Main Results:

    • RF-positive arthritis was associated with a 1.61-fold increased risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted for age, sex, smoking).
    • RF-negative non-erosive arthritis did not show a significant association with mortality (RR 1.03).
    • Elevated RF titres (>=128) in individuals without arthritis predicted cardiovascular mortality with a 1.74-fold increased risk.

    Conclusions:

    • Both RF-positive arthritis and 'false positive' RF reactions are significant predictors of mortality.
    • These distinct conditions appear to influence mortality through different underlying disease pathways.