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Effect of specimen storage on absolute CD4 counts

S Kabengera¹, D Hom, B Jackson

¹Uganda Cancer Institute, Kampala, Uganda.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology

|March 1, 1994

Summary

Specimen storage significantly impacts absolute CD4 counts. However, a manual assay provides reliable CD4 estimates for up to 4 days postcollection, making it suitable for resource-limited settings.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

Absolute CD4 counts are critical for monitoring immune status, particularly in HIV/AIDS management.
Accurate CD4 enumeration is essential, but sample storage conditions can affect results.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of specimen storage duration on absolute CD4 counts using a manual latex agglutination assay.
To determine the reliability of this manual assay for CD4 counting after varying storage periods.

Main Methods:

Thirty blood samples were analyzed using a commercial manual assay utilizing CD4 monoclonal antibodies.
Samples were tested on days 1, 2, 4, and 7 postcollection.
Linear regression and Pearson correlation analyses assessed the relationship between storage time and CD4 counts.

Main Results:

A significant decrease in absolute CD4 counts was observed over time: 3.6% at day 2, 10.1% at day 4, and 18.8% at day 7.
The standard error of the B coefficient remained constant up to day 4, indicating reliable baseline CD4 estimates.

Conclusions:

The manual assay provides reliable absolute CD4 counts for up to 4 days of specimen storage.
This assay is rapid, inexpensive, and suitable for use in laboratories with limited facilities, such as in developing countries.

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