Related Experiment Videos
Long-term results of coronary artery bypass surgery in patients with severely depressed left ventricular function
I Shapira1, A Isakov, V Yakirevich
1Department of Medicine H, Tel Aviv E. Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
Insights
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) offers good survival and improved heart function for patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction (LVD). This surgery effectively reduces angina and heart failure symptoms, enhancing overall quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Surgery
- Cardiac Rehabilitation
- Heart Failure Management
Background:
- Severe left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) poses significant challenges in cardiac surgery.
- Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) outcomes in this high-risk group require thorough evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the medium- and long-term results of CABG in patients with severe LVD.
- To evaluate the impact of CABG on survival, clinical status, and left ventricular function.
Main Methods:
- Prospective evaluation of 74 patients with LVEF ≤ 30% undergoing isolated CABG.
- Clinical follow-up and radionuclide angiography for assessment of survival, angina, CHF, and LVEF.
Main Results:
- Achieved excellent survival rates (83.8% at 7 years).
- Significant improvements in angina (2.9 to 1.4) and CHF (2.7 to 1.8) classes.
- Mean LVEF improved from 23.5% to 35.7% post-CABG.
Conclusions:
- CABG is a safe and effective treatment for patients with coronary artery disease and severe LVD.
- The procedure leads to significant improvements in survival, functional status, and cardiac function.
- Internal mammary artery (IMA) grafting is a safe and viable option in this patient cohort.
Study Objective:
The objective of the present study was to evaluate medium- and long-term results of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction (LVD).
Design:
Prospective evaluation (clinical follow-up and equilibrium radionuclide angiography scan) of all the patients with severe LVD who underwent CABG from November 1986 to November 1991 at the Tel Aviv Medical Center and were referred to the Post Cardiac Surgery Follow-up Clinic at this institution.
Patients:
Seventy-four consecutive patients (65 men, 9 women, aged 43 to 82 years; mean age, 68.2 years) with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 30% or less who underwent isolated CABG (without automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation, aneurysmectomy, valve replacement, or other open heart procedures) during a 5-year period and were discharged from hospitalization were prospectively evaluated. Preoperatively, 62% of patients had angina, 65% had congestive heart failure (CHF), and the LVEF ranged from 10 to 30%. The mean number of grafts was 2.98 per patient; the internal mammary artery (IMA) was used in 54 patients. The patients were followed up 4 to 96 months (mean, 64.9 months) post-surgery for survival, clinical status, and left ventricular function.
Results:
Survival was 96%, 93.2%, 91.9%, 87.8%, 86.5%, 83.8%, and 83.8%, at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 years, respectively. Postoperatively, mean angina class improved from 2.9 to 1.4 (p < 0.0001) and mean CHF class improved from 2.7 to 1.8 (p < 0.0001). Mean LVEF improved from 23.5% preoperatively to 35.7% postoperatively (p < 0.0001).
Conclusions:
The following occur in patients with coronary artery disease and severe LVD undergoing CABG: (1) good medium- and long-term survival is attained; (2) angina class improves; (3) CHF class improves; (4) LVEF objectively improves; and (5). IMA can be used safely as a conduit.