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Autonomic dysfunction in short-term experimental diabetes

C Y Maeda1, T G Fernandes, H B Timm

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|December 1, 1995
PubMed
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Short-term diabetes in rats induced by streptozotocin causes autonomic dysfunction. This impacts arterial pressure control and baroreflex regulation of heart rate, suggesting early neuropathy.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is associated with autonomic neuropathy.
  • Previous studies indicate streptozotocin-induced diabetes affects cardiovascular control in male Wistar rats.
  • Baroreflex impairment is a potential consequence of autonomic dysfunction in diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate autonomic nervous system changes in rats with short-term experimental diabetes.
  • To assess the impact of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on arterial pressure and heart rate regulation.
  • To determine the relationship between early diabetes and autonomic neuropathy.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental diabetes induced in rats using streptozotocin (65 mg IP) for 5 days.
  • Intra-arterial blood pressure monitoring and data acquisition using a CODAS system.

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  • Assessment of vagal and sympathetic function via methylatropine and propranolol injections.

    • Main Results:

    • Streptozotocin induced hyperglycemia and reduced mean arterial pressure and resting heart rate.
    • Diabetic rats showed a lower intrinsic heart rate.
    • Significant reductions in vagal tone (50%) and sympathetic tone (22%) were observed, with a 42% reduction in vagal effect.

    Conclusions:

    • Short-term experimental diabetes in rats leads to early autonomic dysfunction.
    • Arterial pressure and baroreflex control are altered in early stages of diabetes.
    • Findings suggest a link between streptozotocin-induced diabetes and autonomic neuropathy affecting cardiovascular regulation.