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Human cingulate cortex: surface features, flat maps, and cytoarchitecture

B A Vogt1, E A Nimchinsky, L J Vogt

  • 1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1083, USA.

The Journal of Comparative Neurology
|August 28, 1995
PubMed
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This study details the surface morphology and cytoarchitecture of the human cingulate cortex, revealing variations in sulcal patterns and distinct cellular layers across different areas. Neuron density in layer IV decreases with age.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroanatomy

Background:

  • The human cingulate cortex (CC) plays a crucial role in cognition and emotion.
  • Understanding its structural variations is key to interpreting functional data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the surface morphology and cytoarchitecture of the human cingulate cortex.
  • To identify and describe variations in sulcal patterns and laminar organization.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluation of brain specimens from 27 neurologically intact individuals.
  • Detailed analysis of surface features, including cingulate sulcus (CS) morphology.
  • Construction of flat maps for plotting cortical areas.
  • Assessment of cytoarchitecture, focusing on laminar differentiation and neuron density.

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Main Results:

  • Observed variations in CS morphology, including single or double parallel sulci, with differing depths.
  • Detailed cytoarchitectural descriptions of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) areas (33, 25, 24a-c, 32) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) areas (29, 30, 23a-c, 31).
  • Identified an age-related decrease in neuron density in layer IV of area 23a.

Conclusions:

  • The human cingulate cortex exhibits significant morphological and cytoarchitectural variability.
  • Specific laminar patterns characterize different CC subdivisions.
  • Aging impacts neuronal density in specific cortical layers.