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Pheochromocytoma associated with polycythemia: case report

M A Rezkalla1, S N Rizk, J J Ryan

  • 1Dept of Internal Medicine, USD School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, USA.

South Dakota Journal of Medicine
|October 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Secondary polycythemia, a rare condition, can be caused by pheochromocytoma. This study details a patient whose polycythemia and hypertension resolved after pheochromocytoma removal, highlighting erythropoietin as the likely cause.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Secondary polycythemia is associated with various neoplasms.
  • Pheochromocytoma is known to produce diverse hormones and neurotransmitters.
  • Elevated hematocrit is occasionally observed with pheochromocytomas.

Observation:

  • This report details a rare case of absolute polycythemia secondary to pheochromocytoma.
  • The patient presented with a history of hypertension and cardiac dysrhythmia.
  • The polycythemia and hypertension resolved post-surgical resection of the pheochromocytoma.

Findings:

  • Increased erythropoietin release is the most probable mechanism for polycythemia in this context.
  • Serum erythropoietin levels were elevated and normalized after tumor resection.
  • This case underscores the potential of pheochromocytoma to induce secondary polycythemia.

Implications:

  • Pheochromocytoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of secondary polycythemia.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment of pheochromocytoma can lead to resolution of associated polycythemia.
  • This association highlights the complex endocrine-secreting capabilities of pheochromocytomas.

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