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Gingival invagination area after space closure: a histologic study
H Wehrbein1, W Bauer, P R Diedrich
1Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany.
Summary
Orthodontic space closure caused significant gingival invagination, characterized by deep epithelial changes and altered connective tissue. Marginal bone loss occurred without substantial inflammation, suggesting mechanical factors.
Area of Science:
- Oral histology
- Orthodontic treatment outcomes
- Periodontal micromorphology
Background:
- Congenital absence of a premolar led to horizontal bone atrophy.
- Orthodontic treatment was used to close the resulting space.
- Pronounced gingival invagination developed post-treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the micromorphologic changes in gingival invagination after orthodontic space closure.
- To analyze the histological characteristics of epithelium, connective tissue, and bone in the affected area.
- To determine the potential causes of marginal bone loss.
Main Methods:
- Autopsy-derived maxillary specimen from an orthodontically treated 19-year-old female.
- Histological preparation of lateral segments in the horizontal plane.
- Microscopic examination of epithelial, connective tissue, and bone structures.
Main Results:
- Deep epithelial proliferation, hyperkeratinization, and a keratin pearl were observed.
- Connective tissue showed variable characteristics, with loose subepithelial tissue and dense epiperiosteal layers.
- Bone resorption was noted mesiopalatally to the moved molar, with minimal inflammatory cells.
Conclusions:
- Gingival invagination after space closure presents distinct micromorphologic features.
- Altered connective tissue composition and epithelial changes are key findings.
- Marginal bone loss appears unrelated to inflammatory influences, suggesting mechanical etiology.