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Gingival invagination area after space closure: a histologic study

H Wehrbein1, W Bauer, P R Diedrich

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics
|December 1, 1995
PubMed
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Orthodontic space closure caused significant gingival invagination, characterized by deep epithelial changes and altered connective tissue. Marginal bone loss occurred without substantial inflammation, suggesting mechanical factors.

Area of Science:

  • Oral histology
  • Orthodontic treatment outcomes
  • Periodontal micromorphology

Background:

  • Congenital absence of a premolar led to horizontal bone atrophy.
  • Orthodontic treatment was used to close the resulting space.
  • Pronounced gingival invagination developed post-treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the micromorphologic changes in gingival invagination after orthodontic space closure.
  • To analyze the histological characteristics of epithelium, connective tissue, and bone in the affected area.
  • To determine the potential causes of marginal bone loss.

Main Methods:

  • Autopsy-derived maxillary specimen from an orthodontically treated 19-year-old female.
  • Histological preparation of lateral segments in the horizontal plane.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Microscopic examination of epithelial, connective tissue, and bone structures.

    • Main Results:

    • Deep epithelial proliferation, hyperkeratinization, and a keratin pearl were observed.
    • Connective tissue showed variable characteristics, with loose subepithelial tissue and dense epiperiosteal layers.
    • Bone resorption was noted mesiopalatally to the moved molar, with minimal inflammatory cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Gingival invagination after space closure presents distinct micromorphologic features.
    • Altered connective tissue composition and epithelial changes are key findings.
    • Marginal bone loss appears unrelated to inflammatory influences, suggesting mechanical etiology.