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Related Experiment Videos

IL-12 influences intrathymic T cell development

D I Godfrey1, J Kennedy, M K Gately

  • 1DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|March 15, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Interleukin-12 (IL-12) impacts T cell development in the thymus. While it reduces overall thymocyte numbers, IL-12 specifically promotes the proliferation of certain T cell subsets, including pro-T cells.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is known to influence peripheral T lymphocyte and NK cell maturation and activation.
  • The role of IL-12 in intrathymic T cell development remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific effects of IL-12 on T cell development within the thymus.
  • To determine if IL-12 influences thymocyte subset populations and proliferation.

Main Methods:

  • Fetal mouse thymic organ cultures were treated with IL-12.
  • Flow cytometry was used to analyze thymocyte subsets.
  • Proliferation assays were performed on isolated thymocyte subsets with various cytokines and growth factors.
  • IL-12 production in the thymus was assessed.

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Main Results:

  • IL-12 treatment significantly reduced fetal thymic organ culture size and overall cell number.
  • A notable increase in alpha beta TCR+CD4-CD8+ thymocytes was observed, which was reversible with an anti-IL-12 antibody.
  • IL-12 induced proliferation of CD3+CD4-CD8+ cells (with IL-2 and IL-4) and CD3-CD4-CD8- triple negative pro-T cells (with stem cell factor).
  • Both p35 and p40 chains of IL-12 are produced in the fetal and adult mouse thymus, with thymic stromal cells identified as a potential source.

Conclusions:

  • IL-12 plays a complex role in intrathymic T cell development, inhibiting overall growth but promoting specific T cell populations.
  • IL-12 influences the differentiation and proliferation of distinct thymocyte subsets, including early pro-T cells.
  • The thymus is a site of IL-12 production, suggesting autocrine or paracrine functions within this organ.