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Reverse transcriptase is an important factor for the primer tRNA selection in HIV-1

M Jiang¹, J Mak, Y Huang

¹Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, P.Q., Canada.

|April 1, 1994

Summary

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) selectively packages primer transfer RNA (tRNA)(Lys3) using reverse transcriptase (RT). This study shows RT is essential for incorporating tRNA(Lys3) into the virus.

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Area of Science:

Virology
Molecular Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) assembly involves selective packaging of primer tRNA(Lys3).
The primer tRNA(Lys3) interacts with reverse transcriptase (RT), suggesting RT's role in tRNA packaging.

Purpose of the Study:

To test the hypothesis that reverse transcriptase (RT) binds and transports primer tRNA(Lys3) into HIV-1 virions.
To quantify the incorporation of tRNA(Lys3) into wild-type and RT-deficient HIV-1.

Main Methods:

Quantification of tRNA(Lys3) incorporated into wild-type and RT-deficient HIV-1 particles.
Measurement of tRNA tightly associated with the viral RNA genome.

Main Results:

RT-deficient HIV-1 showed a 10-fold reduction in primer tRNA(Lys3) compared to wild-type virus.

Related Experiment Videos

Wild-type HIV-1 contains approximately 8 molecules of tRNA(Lys3) per virion.

The amount of tRNA tightly associated with the viral RNA genome was significantly reduced in RT-deficient HIV-1.

Conclusions:

Reverse transcriptase (RT) is crucial for the efficient packaging of primer tRNA(Lys3) into HIV-1.
The data supports the role of RT as the viral protein responsible for binding and incorporating primer tRNA(Lys3) during HIV-1 assembly.