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Related Experiment Videos

Neurohormone D induces ionic current changes in cockroach central neurones

D Wicher1, C Walther, H Penzlin

  • 1Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, Forschungsgruppe Jena, Germany.

Journal of Comparative Physiology. A, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology
|April 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Neurohormone D (NHD) enhances neuronal activity in cockroaches by increasing calcium and potassium currents. This octapeptide modulates action potentials, impacting neuronal signaling in insects.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Insect Physiology
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Adipokinetic hormones (AKH-peptides) regulate physiological processes in insects.
  • Octapeptide neurohormone D (NHD) is an AKH-peptide found in cockroaches.
  • Dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurones control various physiological functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of NHD on membrane currents in cockroach DUM neurones.
  • To elucidate the ionic mechanisms underlying NHD-induced changes in neuronal activity.
  • To understand the role of specific ion channels in NHD's action.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of DUM neurones from the terminal ganglion of Periplaneta americana.
  • Whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings to measure membrane currents.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Application of NHD at nanomolar concentrations.
  • Pharmacological manipulation using Cadmium (Cd2+), charybdotoxin, and tetraethylammonium (TEA).

    • Main Results:

    • NHD increased the frequency of spontaneous activity in DUM neurones.
    • A voltage-independent calcium current (ICa,R) was identified and enhanced by NHD in a concentration-dependent manner.
    • NHD potentiated a Ca(2+)-dependent K+ current, contributing to the enhanced afterhyperpolarization of action potentials.
    • Cadmium ions blocked ICa,R and reduced NHD's potentiation effect.

    Conclusions:

    • NHD modulates insect neuronal excitability by enhancing specific calcium and potassium currents.
    • The observed changes in action potential shape and frequency are directly linked to NHD's effects on ICa,R and Ca(2+)-dependent K+ current.
    • These findings provide insights into the neurophysiological mechanisms of AKH-peptides in insects.