Allergen-induced airway responses in rats pretreated with Sephadex

Even though the eosinophil is potentially an important contributor to airway narrowing during the late allergic airway response, direct evidence of its participation is lacking. Therefore, we examined the effects of eosinophilia induced by Sephadex on the magnitude of the late airway response of sensitized rats following allergen challenge. Brown Norway rats were actively sensitized to ovalbumin (OA). At the same time and 14 days later, a test group was administered Sephadex G200 (0.5 mg intravenously). The animals were challenged with an aerosol of OA and pulmonary resistance (RL) was measured over 6 h. The early response to OA reached a peak more rapidly and the magnitude of the late response, measured as the area under the curve of RL against time, was significantly greater in the Sephadex-treated group (48.3; geometric mean) compared to the control animals (18.9; p < 0.02). The percentage of eosinophils was increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage of Sephadex-treated animals (4%) compared to the controls (0.9%; p < 0.02) following OA challenge. These results demonstrate that Sephadex induces eosinophilia in Brown Norway rats and is associated with an increase in the late allergic airway response. This is consistent with the hypothesis that the eosinophil is an important determinant of the late response.