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Nitric oxide synthase in human placenta

E K Kristoffersen1, E Ulvestad

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Gade Institute, University of Bergen, Norway.

APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
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Nitric oxide synthase is found in various placental cells. However, the NADPH-diaphorase staining method may not be entirely reliable for detecting this enzyme in placental tissues.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Histology

Background:

  • Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) plays crucial roles in placental function.
  • Immunohistochemistry and histochemical methods are used to localize enzymes.
  • NADPH-diaphorase is a histochemical stain often used to detect NOS activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the localization of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in human placenta.
  • To evaluate the reliability of the NADPH-diaphorase staining method for NOS detection in placental tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical staining for nitric oxide synthase (NOS).
  • Histochemical staining using NADPH-diaphorase.
  • Analysis of staining patterns in syncytiotrophoblasts, stroma cells, and endothelial cells.

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Main Results:

  • Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) was detected immunohistochemically in syncytiotrophoblast membranes, cytosol, granules, placental villous stroma cells, and endothelial cells.
  • NADPH-diaphorase intensely stained syncytiotrophoblasts and weakly stained stroma cells.
  • Discrepancies were observed in endothelial cell staining, potentially influenced by sex steroid synthesis oxidases.

Conclusions:

  • Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is present in multiple cell types within the human placenta.
  • The NADPH-diaphorase staining method shows limitations and potential inaccuracies for detecting NOS in the placenta.
  • Caution is advised when interpreting NADPH-diaphorase staining results for NOS in placental research.