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E1a induces the expression of epithelial characteristics

S M Frisch1

  • 1La Jolla Cancer Research Foundation, La Jolla, California 92037.

The Journal of Cell Biology
|November 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Adenovirus E1a expression induced diverse human tumor cells to partially convert to an epithelial phenotype, exhibiting characteristics like epithelioid morphology and cell adhesion. This finding offers a novel system for studying epithelial-mesenchymal transitions and may link to E1a

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Epithelial cells are the first specific cell type in mammalian embryos.
  • Epithelial-mesenchymal differentiation is crucial for generating diverse cell types.
  • The molecular mechanisms governing epithelial-mesenchymal transitions are under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of adenovirus E1a in modulating cell phenotype.
  • To determine if E1a expression can induce epithelial characteristics in non-epithelial cells.
  • To establish a new model for studying epithelial-mesenchymal interconversions.

Main Methods:

  • Expression of adenovirus E1a in various human tumor cell lines (rhabdomyosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, melanoma, osteosarcoma) and fibroblasts.
  • Assessment of phenotypic changes including morphology, intercellular adhesion protein localization, keratin intermediate filament expression, and gene expression.
  • Analysis of epithelial characteristics acquired by the treated cells.

Main Results:

  • Adenovirus E1a expression induced diverse human tumor cells and fibroblasts to acquire at least two epithelial characteristics.
  • Acquired characteristics included epithelioid morphology, epithelial-type intercellular adhesion proteins, keratin intermediate filaments, and down-regulation of non-epithelial genes.
  • E1a partially converted tumor cells towards an epithelial phenotype.

Conclusions:

  • Adenovirus E1a can partially convert diverse human tumor cells and fibroblasts into an epithelial phenotype.
  • This provides a novel experimental system for the molecular analysis of epithelial-mesenchymal interconversions.
  • The observed effect may contribute to the tumor-suppressive activity of E1a, potentially via sensitization to anoikis.

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