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Nitric oxide in skeletal muscle

L Kobzik1, M B Reid, D S Bredt

  • 1Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston Massachusetts 02115.

Nature
|December 8, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Nitric oxide (NO) in rat skeletal muscle promotes relaxation and modulates contraction. NO synthase activity in muscles correlates with type II fiber density, influencing force development and reactive oxygen intermediates.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Muscle Biology

Background:

  • Reactive oxygen intermediates impact skeletal muscle contraction.
  • The specific role of nitric oxide (NO) in skeletal muscle function remains largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression and function of neuronal-type NO synthase in rat skeletal muscle.
  • To elucidate the physiological roles of NO in skeletal muscle contraction and relaxation.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry to detect NO synthase in different muscle fiber types.
  • Measurement of NO synthase activity and reactive oxygen intermediates in various muscles.
  • Assessment of contractile function using NO synthase blockers, NO chelators, guanylyl cyclase inhibitors, and NO donors.

Main Results:

  • Neuronal-type NO synthase is expressed in rat skeletal muscle, predominantly in type II fiber membranes.
  • NO synthase activity correlates with type II fiber density and inversely with force development.
  • NO promotes muscle relaxation via the cGMP pathway and modulates contraction dependent on reactive oxygen intermediates.

Conclusions:

  • Nitric oxide plays a dual role in skeletal muscle: promoting relaxation and modulating contraction.
  • NO synthase activity is linked to muscle fiber type and influences contractile properties.
  • Understanding NO's role is crucial for comprehending skeletal muscle physiology.

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