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Pneumatosis intestinalis. Appearance on MR examination
1Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
Abstract:
We describe the magnetic resonance (MR) appearance of pneumatosis intestinalis in two patients. Pneumatosis is suggested by the finding of circumferential collections of air adherent or within the bowel wall. This air is more apparent on gradient-echo images due to "blooming" associated with magnetic field inhomogeneities at air-tissue interfaces. While MR is not routinely indicated as a diagnostic tool for the detection of pneumatosis, the radiologist should nevertheless be familiar with its appearance on MR examination.
Insights
Pneumatosis intestinalis, or air in the bowel wall, is visible on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Gradient-echo sequences enhance the visibility of this air due to magnetic field effects.
Area of Science:
- Radiology and Medical Imaging
- Gastrointestinal Imaging
Background:
- Pneumatosis intestinalis is a condition characterized by the presence of air within the bowel wall.
- Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate patient management, distinguishing benign from potentially surgical causes.
Observation:
- This study details the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging characteristics of pneumatosis intestinalis in two patients.
- Key findings include circumferential collections of air adherent to or within the bowel wall.
Findings:
- Air within the bowel wall demonstrates increased conspicuity on gradient-echo MR sequences.
- This enhanced visibility is attributed to the "blooming" artifact caused by magnetic field inhomogeneities at air-tissue interfaces.
Implications:
- While not a primary diagnostic tool for pneumatosis intestinalis, radiologists should recognize its MR appearance.
- Familiarity with these findings can aid in the interpretation of abdominal MR scans where pneumatosis may be incidentally detected.