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Urticaria. Recognition, causes and treatment

A D Ormerod1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Scotland.

Drugs
|November 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Urticaria, a skin condition causing hives, has diverse causes and treatments. For chronic cases, antihistamines are primary, with other options available for severe or specific types like pressure urticaria.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Urticarias encompass a spectrum of skin disorders characterized by transient whealing or swelling.
  • Identifying the underlying cause is crucial for effective urticaria assessment and management.
  • Specific types, including physical urticarias and urticarial vasculitis, necessitate distinct treatment approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of urticaria assessment and treatment strategies.
  • To discuss the role of various pharmacological agents in managing different urticaria subtypes.
  • To highlight emerging therapeutic avenues for recalcitrant cases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on urticaria diagnosis and management.
  • Categorization of urticaria based on etiology (allergic, drug-induced, physical, idiopathic).
  • Discussion of first-line, second-line, and advanced treatment modalities.

Main Results:

  • Nonsedating antihistamines are the primary treatment for chronic idiopathic urticaria.
  • Histamine H2-antagonists and older sedative antihistamines offer alternative or adjunctive therapies.
  • Corticosteroids are effective second-line agents, particularly for severe or specific urticaria types.

Conclusions:

  • Effective urticaria management involves accurate diagnosis and tailored therapeutic selection.
  • While antihistamines are foundational, other agents like corticosteroids and immunosuppressants play roles in complex cases.
  • Further research into autoantibody-driven urticaria may expand options for aggressive immunosuppression.

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