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Percutaneous transthoracic aspiration needle biopsy
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|November 1, 1978
Summary
Aspiration needle biopsy is effective for diagnosing lung cancer and other thoracic issues, especially when unreachable by bronchoscopy. While highly accurate for positive cases, it has a lower true negative rate and a 24% pneumothorax risk.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Thoracic Surgery
- Diagnostic Cytopathology
Background:
- Diagnosing localized intrathoracic lesions can be challenging.
- Fiberoptic bronchoscopy has limitations for certain deep-seated lesions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of aspiration needle biopsy for diagnosing intrathoracic lesions.
- To assess the diagnostic accuracy and complication rates of this procedure.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 1,211 patient cases undergoing aspiration needle biopsy.
- Cytological examination of aspirates for malignant cells and infectious agents.
Main Results:
- Successfully diagnosed malignant cells in 96% of 896 patients with malignant intrathoracic neoplasm.
- Achieved a true positive rate of 99% for carcinoma, but a true negative rate of 87%.
- Identified causative agents in 77% of 31 immunosuppressed patients with focal infections. Pneumothorax occurred in 24%, requiring chest tube drainage in 14%.
Conclusions:
- Aspiration needle biopsy is a valuable, accurate tool for diagnosing bronchogenic carcinoma and other thoracic conditions.
- The procedure is safe, simple, and rapid, with pneumothorax as the primary complication.
- It is particularly useful for lesions beyond the reach of fiberoptic bronchoscopy.