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Migraine in children

N Thilothammal1, M Chellaraj, K Banu

  • 1Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Child Health, Madras.

Indian Pediatrics
|December 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Common migraine is more frequent in children than classic migraine. Clinical diagnosis is key, as electroencephalography (EEG) changes are non-specific and biochemical tests are insensitive for diagnosing childhood migraine.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Migraine is a common neurological disorder in children.
  • Understanding the clinical presentation and diagnostic markers is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical profile of childhood migraine.
  • To evaluate electroencephalographic (EEG) changes and urinary 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid (5-HIAA) levels in pediatric migraine patients.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive study involving 50 children diagnosed with migraine based on Prensky's criteria.
  • Assessment included clinical evaluation, EEG recordings, and urinary 5-HIAA screening during headache-free and headache periods.

Main Results:

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  • Common migraine (46/50) was more prevalent than classic migraine (4/50).
  • Physical strain and psychological stress were identified as primary triggers.
  • Abnormal EEG findings were observed in 35% of patients.
  • Urinary 5-HIAA was largely negative, with only one positive result during a headache episode.

    • Conclusions:

    • Clinical criteria remain the definitive method for diagnosing childhood migraine.
    • EEG changes in migraine are non-specific and not suitable for diagnostic purposes.
    • Biochemical analysis for 5-HIAA is neither sensitive nor cost-effective for diagnosing pediatric migraine.