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Bladder and kidney cancers

M McCredie1

  • 1Cancer Epidemiology Research Unit, New South Wales Cancer Council, Kings Cross, New South Wales.

Cancer Surveys
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Improved cancer detection rates explain rising renal and urothelial cancer incidence. While urothelial cancer trends may improve with prevention and early detection, renal cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Rising incidence of renal and urothelial cancers is largely due to enhanced detection methods.
  • Treatment efficacy for these cancers has seen only gradual improvement, widening the gap between incidence and mortality trends.
  • The true burden of renal parenchymal cancer is increasing globally, potentially linked to lifestyle factors like diet and smoking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the trends in incidence and mortality for renal and urothelial cancers.
  • To identify key factors contributing to the increasing incidence of these cancers.
  • To project future trends and discuss potential public health interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of epidemiological data on cancer incidence and mortality rates.

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  • Review of contributing factors including detection rates, treatment efficacy, lifestyle changes, and environmental exposures.
  • Comparative analysis of trends between renal parenchymal and urothelial cancers.

    • Main Results:

    • Improved detection significantly inflates cancer incidence figures for both renal and urothelial types.
    • Smoking and industrial exposure are major contributors to bladder cancer increases.
    • Renal parenchymal cancer incidence is rising globally, likely due to lifestyle factors; its aetiology remains largely unknown.

    Conclusions:

    • Urothelial cancer outcomes are expected to improve with preventive strategies (smoking cessation, industrial hygiene) and advancements in early detection and treatment.
    • Renal parenchymal cancer poses a growing threat to affluent societies, necessitating urgent research into its aetiology and effective interventions.
    • Addressing lifestyle and environmental factors is crucial for managing the increasing burden of renal cancer.