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Cancer in developing countries

D M Parkin1

  • 1International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon.

Cancer Surveys
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer incidence and mortality trends in developing nations show stomach cancer declining, while lung and breast cancers rise. Cervical cancer decreases overall, but colon cancer increases, with regional variations observed.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Oncology
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Developing countries face unique challenges in cancer surveillance and management.
  • Understanding cancer trends is crucial for public health interventions and resource allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze time trends in incidence and mortality for major cancers in developing countries.
  • To identify patterns and variations in cancer epidemiology across diverse global populations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized age-specific data from six cancer registries across Asia and Latin America.
  • Incorporated national mortality datasets from South America, the Caribbean, Asia, and Mauritius.
  • Analyzed time series data from African cancer registries (Nigeria, Uganda, Zimbabwe) spanning at least 15 years.

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  • Focused systematic trend examination on stomach, lung, breast, cervix uteri, and colon-rectum cancers.

    • Main Results:

    • Stomach cancer incidence and mortality are declining, mirroring trends in developed nations.
    • Lung cancer rates are increasing, particularly in older male populations, though younger cohorts show declining risk.
    • Breast cancer incidence and mortality are rising, with more pronounced changes in younger women.
    • Cervical cancer incidence and mortality are decreasing in most regions, with Africa as a notable exception.
    • Colorectal cancer is becoming more frequent, though some populations show stable or declining rates.

    Conclusions:

    • Cancer epidemiology in developing countries is dynamic, with significant shifts in the burden of major malignancies.
    • Divergent trends highlight the need for tailored cancer control strategies based on regional and demographic factors.
    • The declining burden of stomach and cervical cancers, contrasted with rising lung, breast, and colorectal cancers, necessitates adaptive public health responses.