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Related Experiment Videos

Purified CD34+ Lin- Thy+ stem cells do not contain clonal myeloma cells

Y Gazitt1, C C Reading, R Hoffman

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, CA 72205, USA.

Blood
|July 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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High-dose therapy for multiple myeloma (MM) using autologous peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) improves survival but relapses are common. This study shows stem cell purification effectively removes contaminating myeloma cells from PBSCs, potentially reducing MM relapse after transplantation.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • High-dose therapy with autologous stem cell rescue is a standard treatment for multiple myeloma (MM).
  • Despite improved survival, MM relapse remains a significant challenge, potentially due to contamination of stem cell grafts with myeloma cells.
  • Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) are commonly used for autologous transplantation in MM patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of myeloma cells in mobilized PBSCs used for autotransplantation.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of a novel stem cell purification method in depleting myeloma cells from PBSC harvests.
  • To assess the potential of purified PBSCs in reducing MM relapse after high-dose therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Mobilized PBSCs from 10 MM patients were analyzed for myeloma cell contamination using immunophenotyping and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Related Experiment Videos

  • CD34+ Lin- Thy+ stem cells were purified using counterflow elutriation, phenylalanine methylester treatment, and flow sorting.
  • Purified stem cells were analyzed for residual myeloma cells via flow cytometry and quantitative PCR (qPCR) of patient-specific complementarity determining region III (CDRIII) DNA sequences.

    • Main Results:

    • Unsorted PBSC preparations from all 10 MM patients contained detectable levels of myeloma cells (0.01% to >10%).
    • Stem cell purification enriched CD34+ Lin- Thy+ cells to approximately 90% purity, with myeloma cell contamination below 0.1% by flow cytometry.
    • Quantitative PCR demonstrated a significant log reduction (2.7 to 7.3 logs) in clonal B cells (myeloma cells) after purification, with greater depletion in samples with higher initial tumor burden.

    Conclusions:

    • Mobilized PBSCs in MM patients are frequently contaminated with myeloma cells, posing a risk for disease relapse after autotransplantation.
    • The described stem cell purification process effectively depletes myeloma cells to undetectable levels from PBSC harvests.
    • This purification strategy offers a promising tool to reduce MM relapse rates following autologous stem cell transplantation.