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Characterization of Thy-1 (CDw90) expression in CD34+ acute leukemia
J T Holden1, R B Geller, D C Farhi
1Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Blood
|July 1, 1995
Summary
Thy-1 (CDw90) and CD34 expression were analyzed in acute leukemia. Most CD34+ leukemia cells lacked Thy-1, suggesting later disease development, but some cases showed correlations with stem cell disorders.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Immunology
- Oncology
Background:
- Thy-1 (CDw90) is a cell surface molecule coexpressed with CD34 in normal bone marrow, identifying immature cells including hematopoietic stem cells.
- Previous Thy-1 expression studies were limited to normal tissues and cell lines.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate Thy-1 expression frequency and intensity in CD34+ acute leukemia.
- To explore the relationship between Thy-1 expression and acute leukemia subtypes, including acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in blast crisis, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Main Methods:
- Analysis of Thy-1 expression using the anti-Thy-1 antibody 5E10.
- Flow cytometry evaluation in 38 cases of CD34+ acute leukemia (21 AML, 8 CML, 9 ALL).
Main Results:
- 89% of CD34+ acute leukemia cases lacked Thy-1 expression.
- High-density Thy-1 expression was observed in one CML lymphoid blast crisis case.
- Low-density Thy-1 expression was found in some AML with myelodysplastic features and CML myeloid blast crisis cases.
Conclusions:
- The dissociation of Thy-1 and CD34 in most acute leukemias suggests their development occurs after the hematopoietic stem cell stage.
- Thy-1 expression patterns may correlate with specific stem cell disorders like CML and AML with dysplastic features.
- Thy-1 expression analysis could aid in understanding leukemia origins, assessing residual disease, and purifying stem cell preparations.