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Histology of chronic pilonidal sinus

K Søndenaa1, M L Pollard

  • 1Department of Surgery, Rogaland Central Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.

APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica
|April 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Chronic pilonidal sinus is a skin inflammation caused by hair and debris entering the dermis. Histologic study confirms hair penetration via sinus openings, leading to inflammation and pits.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Chronic pilonidal sinus is a common condition with various proposed developmental theories.
  • Understanding the precise etiology is crucial for effective treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To histologically investigate the pathogenesis of primary pilonidal sinus.
  • To identify the role of hair and skin features in sinus development.

Main Methods:

  • Histologic examination of 53 primary pilonidal sinus specimens.
  • Analysis of subcutaneous tissue, sinus tracts, and associated skin features.

Main Results:

  • Sinuses were consistently surrounded by chronic inflammation in the subcutaneous tissue.
  • Hair was present in 75% of specimens, entering via sinus openings.
  • Pits, characterized by keratin plugs and debris, were identified as skin indentations, sometimes connected to hair follicles.

Conclusions:

  • Pilonidal sinuses are chronic inflammatory skin conditions initiated by keratin plugs and debris.
  • Hair penetration through sinus openings is a significant factor in pilonidal sinus development.
  • Skin pits are clinical manifestations of these underlying inflammatory processes.

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