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Cutaneous melanoma: pathology, relevant prognostic indicators and progression
A Slominski1, J Ross, M C Mihm
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Albany Medical Center, New York, USA.
British Medical Bulletin
|July 1, 1995
Summary
Predicting malignant melanoma outcomes relies on classic histopathology and clinical factors. Newer molecular markers show promise but are not yet the primary diagnostic tools for this cancer.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Dermatology
- Pathology
Background:
- Malignant melanoma is a rapidly increasing cancer.
- Accurate prognosis is crucial for patient management.
- Traditional and novel methods are being explored for outcome prediction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current methods for predicting malignant melanoma progression and clinical outcome.
- To highlight the importance of histopathologic and clinical criteria.
- To discuss emerging molecular and biochemical prognostic markers.
Main Methods:
- Review of traditional morphologic variables (tumor thickness, invasion level, mitotic rate, etc.).
- Evaluation of newer immunologic and molecular biologic methods (cell adhesion molecules, growth factors, oncogenes, etc.).
- Consideration of serum/blood markers and molecular detection (PCR).
Main Results:
- Classic morphologic variables (tumor thickness, invasion level) are the cornerstone of prognosis.
- Mitotic rate, lymphocytes, regression, ulceration, and vascular invasion are also significant.
- Molecular markers, while promising, are still under investigation for widespread clinical use.
Conclusions:
- Histopathologic and clinical criteria remain the primary methods for predicting malignant melanoma prognosis.
- Molecular markers, particularly mRNA detection, may offer future advancements.
- A combination of methods may provide the most comprehensive prognostic assessment.