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Umbilical veins in dichorionic twins. A morpho-functional assessment

N Cester1, A Pugnaloni, G Lucarini

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ancona, Italy.

Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Twin pregnancies exhibit less mature umbilical cord veins compared to singleton pregnancies. This reduced maturation in twin gestations may impact the maternal-fetal relationship and pregnancy regulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Perinatology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Twin pregnancies present unique challenges and risks compared to singleton gestations.
  • Understanding the maternal-fetal interface is crucial for managing high-risk pregnancies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the morpho-functional characteristics of umbilical cord veins in twin versus singleton pregnancies.
  • To elucidate the role of umbilical cord vascular development in pregnancy outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of umbilical cords from dichorionic twin and singleton pregnancies.
  • Utilized biochemical, morphological, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical investigations.
  • Assessed endothelial cell anisotropy, vessel wall immaturity, and expression of adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, ELAM) and extracellular matrix proteins (fibronectin, tenascin).

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Main Results:

  • Umbilical cord veins in twin pregnancies showed significantly decreased anisotropy values in endothelial cells.
  • Ultrastructural examination revealed features of immaturity in the vein vessel walls of twins.
  • Lower expression of adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, ELAM) and overexpression of fibronectin and tenascin were observed in twin umbilical cords.

Conclusions:

  • Umbilical cord veins in twin pregnancies demonstrate a lower degree of maturation compared to those in singleton pregnancies.
  • These findings suggest potential implications for vascular function and regulation in high-risk twin gestations.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the clinical significance of these vascular differences.