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Alternative splicing of amelogenins

¹University of Texas School of Dentistry, Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Pediatric Dentistry 78284-7888, USA.

Connective Tissue Research

|January 1, 1995

Summary

Alternative RNA splicing creates diverse amelogenin proteins, crucial for developing tooth enamel. These spliced amelogenin messenger RNAs are translated into proteins and secreted into the enamel matrix.

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Developmental Biology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Amelogenins constitute up to 90% of developing enamel matrix protein.
Gel electrophoresis shows amelogenin heterogeneity, with molecular weights up to 28,000 Daltons.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of alternative RNA splicing in generating amelogenin heterogeneity.
To determine if alternatively spliced amelogenin mRNAs are translated into proteins.

Main Methods:

Cloning of seven alternatively spliced mouse amelogenin mRNAs.
Prediction of translation products' amino acid lengths.
Antibody generation against synthetic exon 4 polypeptides.
Immunostaining of histologic tooth sections.

Main Results:

Seven alternatively spliced mouse amelogenin mRNAs were cloned, yielding predicted proteins of varying lengths (44-194 amino acids).
The 194-amino acid amelogenin uniquely contains a segment encoded by exon 4.
Immunostaining confirmed that alternatively spliced amelogenin mRNAs are translated into proteins.

Conclusions:

Alternative RNA splicing is a significant contributor to amelogenin protein heterogeneity.
The translated proteins from alternatively spliced amelogenin mRNAs are secreted into the developing enamel matrix.

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