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Intestinal brush border glycohydrolases: structure, function, and development

E H Van Beers1, H A Büller, R J Grand

  • 1Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Intestinal brush border glycohydrolases break down dietary carbohydrates into absorbable sugars, vital for energy. This review details their structure, function, and role in digestive health and disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Intestinal brush border enzymes are critical for nutrient absorption.
  • Glycohydrolases specifically degrade complex carbohydrates into monosaccharides for energy uptake.
  • Understanding these enzymes is key to comprehending mammalian energy metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review intestinal brush border glycohydrolases.
  • To analyze their role in dietary carbohydrate digestion and energy intake.
  • To explore their structure, function, regulation, and implications in intestinal disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and critical discussion of existing research.
  • Assessment of enzyme structure, biosynthesis, substrate specificity, and mechanisms.

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  • Examination of gene regulation, developmental expression, and disease associations.

    • Main Results:

    • Brush border glycohydrolases are essential for converting dietary di- and oligosaccharides into absorbable monosaccharides.
    • Detailed review covers enzyme characteristics, including structure, synthesis, specificity, and regulation.
    • Intestinal disorders affecting these enzymes offer insights into their function and expression.

    Conclusions:

    • Intestinal brush border glycohydrolases play a fundamental role in carbohydrate digestion and energy metabolism.
    • Deficiencies in these enzymes lead to significant clinical consequences, highlighting their importance.
    • Studying these disorders provides valuable information on enzyme function under various physiological and pathological conditions.