Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium: a first report of adjuvant chemoradiation

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium is very rare, with only 49 cases reported in the literature. In 1928 Fluhmann proposed three criteria to establish the diagnosis: (1) no coexisting endometrial adenocarcinoma, (2) no connection between the endometrial tumor and the squamous epithelium of the cervix, and (3) no squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix present. The median age at presentation is similar to adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. Although most patients have presented with FIGO stage I disease, long-term survival has been dismal despite surgery and radiation therapy. We report a new case treated with postoperative radiation and cisplatin and review the literature.