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Myocarditis in enteric fever

A Prabha1, Mohanan, P Pereira

  • 1Department of Medicine, KMC, Mangalore.

Indian Journal of Medical Sciences
|February 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Myocarditis is common in enteric fever, with ECG changes seen in 46% of patients. Early ECG monitoring and rest are crucial for managing cardiac complications in enteric fever.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Myocarditis is a known complication of enteric fever.
  • Clinical and electrocardiographic (ECG) evidence of myocarditis can occur in patients with enteric fever.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and patterns of myocarditis in enteric fever.
  • To determine the correlation between systemic complications and myocarditis in enteric fever.
  • To recommend diagnostic and management strategies for myocarditis in enteric fever.

Main Methods:

  • A study of 100 patients with bacteriologically or serologically confirmed enteric fever.
  • Clinical assessment for myocarditis.
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings for all patients.
  • Autopsy in select cases.

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Main Results:

  • 46% of patients showed ECG evidence of myocarditis, while 7% had clinical evidence.
  • Common ECG abnormalities included Q-Tc prolongation (29%), ST-T changes (20%), and bundle branch block (7%).
  • Bundle branch block was the most persistent ECG abnormality.

Conclusions:

  • ECG monitoring is recommended for all enteric fever patients.
  • Patients with ECG changes require careful observation for clinical myocarditis.
  • Management includes absolute bed rest, judicious corticosteroid use in severe cases, and diuretics for heart failure.