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Closed loop control of PaCO2 during ECC

N Chauveau¹, A Lautier, M R Frikha

¹INSERM U305, Toulouse, France.

The International Journal of Artificial Organs

|February 1, 1995

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A new system for controlling blood gases during extracorporeal circulation (ECC) was developed. This automated system successfully maintained target arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2) in sheep, demonstrating its potential for clinical applications.

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Respiratory Physiology

Background:

Extracorporeal circulation (ECC) requires precise blood gas management.
Maintaining stable arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) is critical during ECC.
Current methods for blood gas control can be complex and labor-intensive.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate an automated prototype system for controlling blood gases during ECC.
To assess the system's ability to maintain a desired PaCO2 in the arterial line.
To investigate the system's performance under varying physiological conditions.

Main Methods:

A closed-loop control system integrating a continuous blood gas analyzer (CDI300), a programmable gas blender with mass flow controllers, and a microcomputer (IBM PC) was designed.

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The microcomputer commanded the gas blender to adjust the air-oxygen mixture based on real-time PaCO2 data acquired every 6 seconds.

Experimental validation was performed using sheep models.

Main Results:

The automated system demonstrated the ability to achieve and maintain the desired PaCO2 when initial blood gas parameters were stable.
When initial parameters were unstable, the system achieved a stable PaCO2 within 10 minutes, albeit with a slight deviation from the target.
The prototype showed promising results in automated blood gas control during ECC.

Conclusions:

The developed prototype system shows feasibility for automated blood gas control during extracorporeal circulation.
Further research and optimization are needed to determine the system's full capabilities and limitations.
The system has the potential to improve patient safety and management during ECC procedures.