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Immune function in athletes versus nonathletes

D C Nieman1, D Brendle, D A Henson

  • 1Department of Health, Leisure, and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina 28608, USA.

International Journal of Sports Medicine
|July 1, 1995
PubMed
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Endurance athletes showed no significant differences in natural killer cell cytotoxic activity (NKCA) or T cell function compared to nonathletes. These immune functions were not altered by endurance training in this study.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Endurance athletes often exhibit enhanced physical capacity.
  • The impact of intense endurance training on immune cell function remains a subject of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare natural killer cell cytotoxic activity (NKCA) and T cell function between endurance athletes and nonathletes.
  • To assess immune cell function on a per-cell adjusted basis.
  • To investigate the relationship between immune function and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max).

Main Methods:

  • Compared NKCA and Con A-induced lymphocyte proliferation in 18 male endurance athletes and 11 nonathletic males.
  • Measured circulating leukocyte and lymphocyte subsets, including NK and T cells.
  • Adjusted immune function measures on a per-cell basis.

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Main Results:

  • No significant differences were found in circulating lymphocyte subsets between athletes and nonathletes.
  • NKCA and T cell function did not differ between groups, neither unadjusted nor per-cell adjusted.
  • Immune function measures were unrelated to VO2max in all subjects combined.

Conclusions:

  • The study's findings do not support the idea that immune function, specifically NKCA and T cell function, is altered in endurance athletes.
  • Immune cell function does not appear to be compromised or enhanced in this cohort of endurance athletes.
  • VO2max is not a determinant of NKCA or T cell function in this population.