History of the shielding of diagnostic x-ray facilities

The results of inadequate protection of radiation workers against the harmful effects of diagnostic x-rays became appallingly apparent shortly after the turn of this century. After these effects (which included erythema, malignancy, and even death) became widely known, efforts were begun to implement recommendations to reduce the hazards to radiologic workers and members of the general public. This work will trace the development of diagnostic radiation shielding standards from the earliest days to the present time.