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Visceral abscess in melioidosis

T Dhiensiri1, Y Eua-Ananta

  • 1Department of Radiology, Khon Kaen Hospital, Thailand.

Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet Thangphaet
|May 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Melioidosis causes visceral abscesses, often presenting as fever and abdominal pain. Early suspicion and imaging like ultrasonography are crucial for diagnosing this serious infection in endemic areas.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Imaging
  • Tropical Medicine

Background:

  • Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is endemic in northeastern Thailand.
  • Visceral abscesses are a common manifestation of melioidosis, particularly in endemic regions.
  • Clinical presentation can be non-specific, leading to diagnostic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, and organ involvement in patients with visceral melioidosis.
  • To highlight the importance of considering melioidosis in patients with unexplained fever and abscesses in endemic areas.
  • To evaluate the utility of diagnostic imaging in identifying visceral abscesses caused by melioidosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 81 patients with visceral melioidosis treated between 1985 and 1993.
  • Review of clinical presentations, laboratory findings, and diagnostic imaging results.
  • Documentation of abscess locations and extent of organ involvement.

Main Results:

  • Fever was present in 100% of patients; abdominal pain and cough were also common.
  • Ultrasonography detected abscesses in 97.25% of cases, with spleen and liver being the most frequently involved organs.
  • Multiple organ involvement was observed in 76% of patients, and initial diagnoses were often non-specific.

Conclusions:

  • Melioidosis should be suspected in patients with fever of unknown origin from endemic areas like northeastern Thailand.
  • Diagnostic imaging, particularly ultrasonography, is highly valuable for detecting solid internal organ abscesses.
  • Prompt recognition and investigation are essential for effective management of visceral melioidosis.

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