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Visceral abscess in melioidosis

T Dhiensiri1, Y Eua-Ananta

  • 1Department of Radiology, Khon Kaen Hospital, Thailand.

Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet Thangphaet
|May 1, 1995
PubMed
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Melioidosis causes visceral abscesses, often presenting as fever and abdominal pain. Early suspicion and imaging like ultrasonography are crucial for diagnosing this serious infection in endemic areas.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Imaging
  • Tropical Medicine

Background:

  • Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is endemic in northeastern Thailand.
  • Visceral abscesses are a common manifestation of melioidosis, particularly in endemic regions.
  • Clinical presentation can be non-specific, leading to diagnostic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, and organ involvement in patients with visceral melioidosis.
  • To highlight the importance of considering melioidosis in patients with unexplained fever and abscesses in endemic areas.
  • To evaluate the utility of diagnostic imaging in identifying visceral abscesses caused by melioidosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 81 patients with visceral melioidosis treated between 1985 and 1993.

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  • Review of clinical presentations, laboratory findings, and diagnostic imaging results.
  • Documentation of abscess locations and extent of organ involvement.

    • Main Results:

    • Fever was present in 100% of patients; abdominal pain and cough were also common.
    • Ultrasonography detected abscesses in 97.25% of cases, with spleen and liver being the most frequently involved organs.
    • Multiple organ involvement was observed in 76% of patients, and initial diagnoses were often non-specific.

    Conclusions:

    • Melioidosis should be suspected in patients with fever of unknown origin from endemic areas like northeastern Thailand.
    • Diagnostic imaging, particularly ultrasonography, is highly valuable for detecting solid internal organ abscesses.
    • Prompt recognition and investigation are essential for effective management of visceral melioidosis.