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Levels and domains in personality: an introduction
1Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
Journal of Personality
|September 1, 1995
Summary
Understanding personality requires examining multiple levels and domains beyond just traits. This special issue explores new frameworks to capture the full complexity of individual functioning for a more complete psychological portrait.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Personality Psychology
Background:
- Personality psychology traditionally uses lists and taxonomies to describe individuals.
- The five-factor model offers a comprehensive framework but has limitations.
- Trait concepts are essential but insufficient for a complete understanding of personality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present recent developments and organizational frameworks for personality functioning.
- To explore multiple levels and domains of personality.
- To articulate units of analysis that complement trait assessments for a comprehensive personality psychology.
Main Methods:
- This special issue synthesizes existing research and theoretical perspectives.
- It focuses on conceptual advancements in understanding personality.
- No new empirical data collection is described; it's a theoretical and organizational review.
Main Results:
- Identifies the need for multi-level and multi-domain approaches in personality psychology.
- Highlights limitations of purely trait-based models.
- Proposes integrating various units of analysis with trait assessments.
Conclusions:
- A comprehensive psychology of personality requires integrating multiple levels and domains.
- New frameworks are needed to account for the complexity of individual functioning.
- Combining trait assessments with other units of analysis enhances personality understanding.