Regulation of nutrient intake in humans: a theory based on taste and smell

Oral and pharyngeal recognition of the chemical structure of physiologically relevant nutrients is proposed as a mechanism for regulating nutrient intake. Taste buds and olfactory receptors are proposed as the primary sites of recognition. Oral and pharyngeal sensory signals may be sufficient for producing satiation and termination of a meal provided the initiation of the meal is triggered by the body's need to replenish a deficient nutrient. A discussion of the impact of disturbances of normal regulation and some questions this model generates are also incorporated.