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Adrenoleukodystrophy: CT and MRI findings

P J Patel1, T M Kolawole, T M Malabarey

  • 1Department of Radiology, King Saud University, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Pediatric Radiology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) presents with characteristic white matter changes on CT and MRI scans. These imaging findings, including demyelination and abnormal enhancement, are typical for ALD diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a rare genetic disorder affecting the adrenal glands and white matter of the brain.
  • Early diagnosis is crucial for managing ALD and its progressive neurological symptoms.

Observation:

  • A case study detailing the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a patient with ALD.
  • CT revealed hypodensities in the parietal and occipital white matter, with abnormal post-contrast enhancement.
  • MRI demonstrated symmetrical demyelination around the lateral ventricles, corpus callosum, and pyramidal tracts.

Findings:

  • The observed radiological patterns on CT and MRI are highly indicative of adrenoleukodystrophy.
  • Imaging findings included white matter hypodensities, abnormal enhancement, and characteristic demyelination patterns.

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  • The symmetrical involvement of posterior cerebral white matter and specific tracts is a key diagnostic feature.

    • Implications:

    • CT and MRI are valuable tools for diagnosing adrenoleukodystrophy, complementing clinical and biochemical assessments.
    • Recognizing these typical imaging features aids in the timely diagnosis and management of ALD.
    • This case highlights the importance of advanced neuroimaging in identifying complex neurological disorders like ALD.