[Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of endogenous psychoses]

This paper describes development of concepts of diagnosis and differential diagnosis between endogenous psychoses: schizophrenia and depression. It explains the most important concepts of classification founded on different assumptions. Essential factors which influence diagnosis and differential diagnosis such as prognostic, psychopathology, drug response and anatomopathology were presented. Apart from concepts presuming exact differential diagnosis between schizophrenia and depression, more current resolution of the problem was presented: differential typology instead of differential diagnosis. The conclusion is that classification which closely relates diagnosis to clinical practice (treatment) is most valuable.