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Related Experiment Videos

Working memory and older adults: implications for occupational therapy

C Andiel1, L Liu

  • 1Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy : Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association
|July 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

The traditional modal model of memory may not accurately assess older adults. Evaluating working memory offers a better understanding of age-related memory changes and informs occupational therapy interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • The Atkinson and Shiffrin modal model of memory is frequently used to assess memory deficits in older adults.
  • Current research does not support the notion that short-term memory capacity diminishes with age.
  • This has led to misconceptions among some professionals regarding the impact of aging on short-term memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the traditional Atkinson and Shiffrin modal model of memory.
  • To explore the more contemporary Baddeley and Hitch model of working memory.
  • To discuss the implications of working memory for occupational therapy interventions in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of memory models.
  • Analysis of research on age-related memory changes.

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  • Conceptual application of working memory to occupational therapy.

    • Main Results:

    • Short-term memory, as defined by the modal model, does not appear to decline with age.
    • Working memory, a more dynamic concept, is affected by aging.
    • Difficulties in working memory can impact daily tasks like inference, understanding vague language, medication management, and wayfinding.

    Conclusions:

    • The modal model may be insufficient for evaluating memory in older adults.
    • Working memory models provide a more comprehensive framework for understanding age-related memory performance.
    • Occupational therapy interventions should consider working memory capacities for effective client support.